The “second time” referred to in these verses is at the Second Coming. “The Messiah will come just as Judah faces imminent defeat at the hands of her enemies. This time he shall come, as the scriptures record, in power and great glory and save his people from complete annihilation. Zechariah wrote: ‘Then shall the Lord go forth and fight against those nations, as when he fought in the day of battle’ (Zech. 14:3). Then will the people who survive the refiner’s fire believe in the true Messiah, even Jesus Christ” (Galbraith et al., Jerusalem, 361).